船上安全訓練手冊 - 第八章 救援艇

船上安全訓練手冊
Shipboard Safety Training Manual

尚作仁船長 編撰 Compiled by Captain David Shang

第八章 救援艇
Chapter 8 Rescue Boats

 

8.1 一般資訊

General Information

本船配備一艘符合「國際海上人命安全公約」(SOLAS)第三章第14、17或31條規定的、用於執行救援艇任務的救生艇。

This vessel is provided with a lifeboat assigned to rescue boat duties, in compliance with Regulations 14, 17 or 31 of Chapter III of SOLAS.

救援艇用於處理人員落水情況，通常用於救援落水人員。它也可用作救生艇筏，並在棄船時拖曳和指揮救生艇筏。救援艇的詳細要求載於「國際救生器材章程」(LSA Code)第5.1款。

The rescue boat is used during a man overboard situation, and generally to rescue persons in the water. It may also be used as a survival craft, and to tow and marshal survival craft during abandonment. Detailed requirements of rescue boats are contained in paragraph 5.1 of the International Life-Saving Appliance Code. (LSA Code)

救援艇能夠以6節以上的速度運轉，並能保持該速度至少4小時。它還能以不低於2節的速度拖曳一艘滿載的救生筏。救援艇可容納至少五名坐著的人員和一名躺臥的人員。

The rescue boat is capable of manoeuvring at speeds of up to 6 knots, and can maintain this speed for at least 4 hours. It is also capable of towing a fully laden liferaft at a speed of not less than 2 knots. The rescue boat can accommodate at least five seated persons, and a person lying down.

救援艇可以是剛性或充氣式結構，配備舷內或舷外機引擎。所有救援艇均配備永久拖曳裝置。每艘救援艇應清楚標示：

Rescue boats may be of rigid or inflatable construction, with an inboard or outboard engine. All rescue boats are provided with a permanent towing arrangement. Each rescue boat is clearly marked with:

1. 可容納人數以及救援艇所屬船舶的名稱和船籍港。

The number of persons it is permitted to accommodate and the name and port of registry of the ship to which the rescue boat belongs.

2. 救援艇所屬船舶的識別碼和救援艇編號均應標記，以便能從上方清晰可見。

Means of identifying the ship to which the rescue boat belongs and the rescue boat number are marked so that they are visible from above.

 

8.2 救援艇下水

Launching the Rescue Boat

救援艇船員和放艇小組均已指定，並有明確的職責。

Rescue boat crews and launching parties are designated and have defined duties.

救援艇放艇小組將救援艇置於登艇位置，準備立即放艇。

The rescue boat launching party place the rescue boat in the embarkation position and prepare for an immediate launch.

救援艇船員必須按照救援艇艇長的指示穿上救生衣並登上救援艇。必須為傷者準備額外的救生衣。

The rescue boat crew must don lifejacket and board the rescue boat on instructions from the rescue boat leader. Extra lifejackets must be taken for the casualty.

當所有救援艇船員都登船並繫固後，救援艇艇長將向放艇小組組長發出信號。然後，救援艇將被放入水中脫鉤。

The rescue boat leader will make a signal to the launching crew leader when all members of the rescue boat crew are onboard and secure. The rescue boat will then be lowered to the water and launched.

救援艇下水時，應指定以下職責：

In the event of a rescue boat launch, the following duties should be assigned:

1. 瞭望 - 如果發現傷者在水中，瞭望員必須持續將傷者保持在視線內。

Lookout - if the casualty is seen in the water, lookouts must keep him in sight.

2. 醫療救助 - 船上的醫療設施必須準備就緒，以便立即為傷者提供救助。

Medical Aid - the ships medical facilities must be readied to give immediate assistance to the casualty.

3. 回收小組 - 必須隨時待命，回收救援艇，並協助將傷者抬上船。

Recovery Party - must stand by to recover the rescue boat, and assist in bringing the casualty on board.

 

8.3 救援艇引擎的使用

Use of the Rescue Boat Engine

救援艇引擎在海上航行時，能夠提供足夠的機動性和可操控性，以便指揮救生艇集結、拖曳救生筏離開母舶以及救援水中人員。

The rescue boat engine provides sufficient mobility and manoeuvrability in a seaway to marshal survival craft into a group, tow liferafts clear of the ship, and rescuing swimmers in the water.

製造商提供的救援艇引擎信息，包括啟動、操作和維護說明，請參閱相關的「使用者說明書」。

Manufacturer's information on rescue boat engine, including starting, operation and maintenance instructions is provided at the related Finishing Plan.

 

8.4 搜救技術

Search and Rescue Techniques

搜救技術在「IAMSAR手冊」第三卷(IMO)中有詳細介紹。

Search and rescue techniques are covered in detail in IAMSAR Manual Vol. III (IMO).

人員落水

Man Overboard

若發現有人落水，應立即拋下救生圈，並安排一名瞭望員，隨保持落水者在視線內。瞭望員應站在船舶上層建築高處；駕駛台側翼是理想的瞭望地點。

If a person is seen to fall overboard, a lifebuoy should be thrown overboard and a lookout posted in order to keep the casualty in sight. The lookout should be placed in an easily accessible place high in the superstructure of the vessel; the bridge wings are ideal for this purpose.

位於駕駛台側翼的快速釋放救生圈應立即釋放，以便燈光和煙霧信號能夠幫助定位落水者位置。

A lifebuoy located on the bridge wing should be released in order that the light and smoke marker will help identify the casualty's location.

應將手提式雙向無線(通常位於駕駛台)帶到救援艇上，以便瞭望員能夠引導救援艇找到落水者。在夜間，請使用探照燈和手電筒掃描海面。

A portable two-way radio (usually located on the bridge) should be taken on the rescue boat so the lookout has the means to guide the boat to the casualty. At night, use the searchlight and torch to scan the surface of the sea.

即使落水時間不長，落水者也不太可能獨自爬上救援艇。救援艇船員可能需要下水協助將傷者帶上船。落水者一旦登上救援艇，應立即接受適當的急救，協助穿上救生衣並返回母船。

It is unlikely that a person who has fallen overboard, even if they have only been in the water a short time, will be able to climb into the rescue boat unaided. It may be necessary for a member of the rescue boat crew to enter the water in order to assist bringing the casualty onboard. As soon as the casualty is on the rescue boat, he should be given appropriate first aid, assisted to don a lifejacket, and returned to the ship.

人員失蹤

Person Missing

如果發現船上人員失踪，但未發現其落水，則必須開始搜尋。應召集船員，詢問該員最後一次出現在船上的時間以及發現該人員失蹤的時間。

If a person on board is found to be missing, but has not been seen to fall overboard, a search must be started. The crew should be mustered and questioned about the last time that the person was seen onboard, and the time at which the person was found to be missing.

根據船舶在相關時間內的位置，可以確定需要搜尋的區域。

By referring to the ship's position during the relevant period, an area to be searched can be defined.

搜尋期間，應始終派人駐守瞭望，救援艇船員和放艇人員應隨時待命，以便立即放艇救援，並準備醫療設施。

During the search, lookouts should be posted at all times, the rescue boat crew and launching crew should stand by for immediate launch and medical facilities readied.

在水中發現落水者之前，救援艇不得先下水。

The rescue boat should not be launched until the casualty is sighted in the water.

 

8.5 救援艇設備清單

Rescue Boat Inventory

本船所載救援艇的設備清單符合「國際救生器材章程」(LSA Code)第5.1.2條的規定。

The equipment inventory of the rescue boat carried by this vessel complies with paragraph 5.1.2 of the International Life-Saving Appliance Code. (LSA Code)

每艘救援艇的正常設備應包括：

The normal equipment of every rescue boat shall consist of:

1. 足夠的浮力槳或划槳，以便能在平靜的海面上前進。每隻槳應配備槳座銷、槳架或等效裝置。槳座銷或槳架應透過繫索或鏈條固定在救援艇上；

Sufficient buoyant oars or paddles to make headway in calm seas. Thole pins, crutches or equivalent arrangements shall be provided for each oar. Thole pins or crutches shall be attached to the boat by lanyards or chains;

2. 浮力舀水器；

A buoyant bailer;

3. 羅經櫃，內設有效的磁羅經，該磁羅經應能自發光或配備適當的照明設備；

A binnacle containing an efficient compass which is luminous or provided with suitable means of illumination;

4. 海錨和導流索(如有安裝)，以及長度不少於10公尺、足夠強度的纜繩；

A sea-anchor and tripping line, if fitted, with a hawser of adequate strength not less than 10 m in length;

5. 一條長度和強度足夠的艇首纜，繫在符合LSA Code規則4.4.7.7要求的釋放裝置上，並位於救援艇的艇艏；

A painter of sufficient length and strength, attached to the release device complying with the requirements of LSA code paragraph 4.4.7.7 and placed at the forward end of the rescue boat;

6. 一條長度不少於50公尺、強度足以拖曳LSA Code規則5.1.1.7救生筏的浮力繩；

One buoyant line, not less than 50 m in length, of sufficient strength to tow a liferaft as required by LSA Code paragraph 5.1.1.7;

7. 一個適用於發送摩斯信號的防水手電筒，以及一組備用電池和一個放在防水容器中的備用燈泡；

One waterproof electric torch suitable for Morse signalling, together with one spare set of batteries and one spare bulb in a waterproof container;

8. 一個哨笛或等效聲音信號器；

One whistle or equivalent sound signal;

9. 一套放在防水盒中的急救裝備，使用後能緊密關閉；

A first-aid outfit in a waterproof case capable of being closed tightly after use;

10. 兩個浮力救援環，繫在不少於30公尺的浮力繩上；

Two buoyant rescue quoits, attached to not less than 30 m of buoyant line;

11. 一盞探照燈，水平和垂直照明扇區至少為6°、發光強度為2500 cd、能連續工作不少於3小時；

A searchlight with a horizontal and vertical sector of at least 6°and a measured luminous intensity of 2,500 cd which can work continuously for not less than 3 h;

12. 高效能雷達反射器；

An efficient radar reflector;

13. 符合LSA Code第2.5條要求的防曬衣，數量為救援艇額定乘載人數的10%或兩套，以較大者為準；以及

Thermal protective aids complying with the requirements of LSA Code section 2.5 sufficient for 10% of the number of persons the rescue boat is permitted to accommodate or two, whichever is the greater; and

14. 經認可適用於撲滅油火的手提式滅火器。

Portable fire-extinguishing equipment of an approved type suitable for extinguishing oil fires.

除LSA Code第5.1.2.2條要求的設備外，每艘剛性救援艇的正常設備還應包括：

In addition to the equipment required by LSA Code paragraph 5.1.2.2, the normal equipment of every rigid rescue boat shall include:

1. 艇鉤；

A boat-hook;

2. 水桶；以及

A bucket; and

3. 刀或斧頭。

A knife or hatchet.

 

8.6 附錄(本船設備詳情及操作程序)

Appendix (Own ship’s equipment detail and operation procedures)

附錄-1 救助艇回收程序

Appendix-1 Rescue boat recovery procedure

特殊設備

Special Equipment

本船配備特殊回收吊索，以減少在海上航行時，救援艇進行回收鉤掛作業時的危險。

This vessel is fitted with special recovery strop to lessen the danger when engaged in hooking on the rescue boat falls with a sea running.

救援艇回收示意圖

Illustration of recovery rescue boat