The digest of SOLAS Convention Chapter V
國際海上人命安全公約 第V章摘要
尚作仁船長 翻譯 Translated by Captain David Shang
(Last updated: 21/May/2025)
Foreword
前言
The Chapter V “Safety of Navigation” of SOLAS Convention has 35 regulations and 1 appendix. It is the most important chapter of the Convention, and is the only one chapter which can be applied for all kinds of ships. It does not like the other chapters may only apply for different kinds or types of ships.
SOLAS公約第5章「航行安全」共35條及一個附錄，是本公約最重要的章節，也是唯一適用於所有船舶的章節，它不像公約的其他章節可能僅適用於不同類別或形式的船舶。
The main contents of this chapter are operational provisions which related to ship’s meteorological services, hydrographic services, ice patrol service, ships’ routeing, and providing search and rescue services, vessel traffic services, ship reporting systems etc.
本章的主要內容為操作性條款，涉及對船舶的氣象服務、水文服務、冰區巡邏服務、船舶航線、並提供搜救服務、船舶交通服務、船舶報告系統等。
In addition, this chapter also regulated that Contracting Governments shall ensure ships safe manning for the safety concern, carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment, voyage data recorders, navigation bridge visibility, pilot transfer arrangements, steering gear testing and drills, nautical charts and nautical publications, danger messages and distress messages, obligations and procedures.
除此之外，本章還規範了締約國政府應從安全的角度確保所有的船舶配置足夠的船員、船上自主航行系統及設備的配置要求、航程紀錄器、駕駛台可視範圍、領港傳送安排、舵機設備的測試與操演、海圖及航海出版品，危險及遇難信號的義務與程序等。
All of above mentioned, this chapter is not only regulated the requirement of safe manning on board ships, safety hardware equipment and operational procedures, but also regulated the responsibilities and obligations of Contracting Governments and coastal states.
凡此種種，本章節不僅僅規範了船舶在安全考量下的人員配置、硬體設備及操作程序之要求，也規範了締約國政府及沿海國當局為提升海上人命安全的責任與義務。
The digest of this chapter has only contents the regulations which related with seafarers’ operations and safety navigation, for the part of Contracting Governments’ responsibilities and obligations as well as the service shall be provided for ensuring the safety of life at sea, please direct refer to the text of SOLAS Convention.
本章僅摘錄與船員操作有關及應遵守之航行安全法規，對於締約國政府為保障海上人命安全的責任與義務以及應提供之服務部分，如有興趣深入了解請直接參閱「海上人命安全公約」本文。
This text
本文
CHAPTER V Safety of Navigation
航行安全
Reg. 1 Application:
適用:
1. Unless expressly provided otherwise, this chapter shall apply to all ships on all voyages, except:
除另有明文規定外，本章適用於所有航次的所有船舶，但以下情況除外：
(1) warships, naval auxiliaries and other ships owned or operated by a Contracting Government and used only on Government non-commercial service; and
軍艦、海軍輔助艦船以及締約國政府擁有或經營、僅用於政府非商業服務的其他船舶；和
(2) ships solely navigating the Great Lakes of North America and their connecting and tributary waters as far east as the lower exit of the St. Lambert Lock at Montreal in the Province of Quebec, Canada.
僅在北美五大湖及其連接水域和支流水域航行的船隻，最東可達加拿大魁北克省蒙特利爾的聖蘭伯特船閘下游出口。
Reg. 10 Ships’ routeing:
船舶航路:
1. Ships’ routeing systems contribute to safety of life at sea, safety and efficiency of navigation and/or protection of the marine environment. Ships’ routeing systems are recommended for use by, and may be made mandatory for, all ships, certain categories of ships or ships carrying certain cargoes.
船舶航路系統用於保障海上人命安全、航行安全及效率，及/或保護海洋環境。船舶航路系統是被建議採用，也可能是對所有船舶、某種類別的船舶或載有某種貨物的船舶須強制遵循。
7. A ship shall use a mandatory ships’ routeing system adopted by the Organization as required for its category or cargo carried and in accordance with the relevant provisions in force unless there are compelling reasons not to use a particular ships’ routeing system. Any such reason shall be recorded in the ships’ log.
當船舶因其類別或貨載，被相關法規強制要求時，應使用IMO組織所採納的船舶航路系統，除非有不得已之原因，無法使用特定的船舶航路系統時。任何此類原因均應紀錄於航海日誌。
Reg. 11 Ships reporting systems:
船舶報告系統:
1. Ship reporting systems contribute to safety of life at sea, safety and efficiency of navigation and/or protection of the marine environment. A ship reporting system, when adopted and implemented in accordance with the guidelines and criteria developed by the Organization pursuant to this regulation, shall be used by all ships or certain categories of ships or ships carrying certain cargoes in accordance with the provisions of each system so adopted.
船舶報告系統用於保障海上人命安全、航行安全及效率，及/或保護海洋環境。當一個根據本規則所制定且被IMO組織所採納的船舶報告系統，應被所有船舶或根據每一個系統所規範的某些特定類別或貨載船舶所遵守。
8. The master of a ship shall comply with the requirements of adopted ship reporting systems and report to the appropriate authority all information required in accordance with the provisions of each such system.
對於已核可之船舶報告系統，船長應根據該報告系統所要求的所有資訊，向主管當局陳報。
Reg. 14 Ships’ manning:
船員安全配置:
1. Contracting Governments undertake, each for its national ships, to maintain, or, if it is necessary, to adopt, measures for the purpose of ensuring that, from the point of view of safety of life at sea, all ships shall be sufficiently and efficiently manned.
各締約國政府承諾為其本國船舶維持或必要時採取措施，以確保從海上人命安全的角度來看，所有船舶均應配置充分且有效的人力。
2. For every ship to which chapter I applies, the Administration shall:
第一章適用的每艘船舶，主管機關應：
.1 establish appropriate minimum safe manning following a transparent procedure, taking into account the relevant guidance adopted by the Organization; and
依照透明的程序建立適當的最低安全配員，並考慮到本組織通過的相關指南；和
.2 issue an appropriate minimum safe manning document or equivalent as evidence of the minimum safe manning considered necessary to comply with the provisions of paragraph 1.
簽發適當的最低安全配員證書或同等文件，作為遵守第1款規定所必需的，最低安全配員的證據。
2. On all ships, to ensure effective crew performance in safety matters, a working language shall be established and recorded in the ship’s log-book. The company, as defined in regulation IX/1, or the master, as appropriate, shall determine the appropriate working language. Each seafarer shall be required to understand and, where appropriate, give orders and instructions and to report back in that language. If the working language is not an official language of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, all plans and lists required to be posted shall include a translation into the working language.
所有的船舶，在安全事務上都必須確保船員能有效的運作，應建立工作語言且記錄在船舶日誌上；船公司或船長應設定適當的工作語言；使每一名船員都應能理解且能用該語言下達工作命令或指示，並能以該語言回報。如果工作語言並非船旗國官方語言，則所有必須張貼的計畫或表單都必須包含工作語言的翻譯。
3. On ships to which chapter I applies, English shall be used on the bridge as the working language for bridge-to-bridge and bridge-to-shore safety communications as well as for communications on board between the pilot and bridge watch keeping personnel, unless those directly involved in the communication speak a common language other than English.
本公約所適用的船舶，在駕駛台上船對船及船隊岸的安全通信，以及船上當值人員對領港之間的聯絡，必須以英文作為工作語言，除非那些直接有關的通信係使用英語以外的共同語言。
Reg. 16 Maintenance of equipment:
設備保養:
2. Except as provided in regulations I/7(b)(ii), I/8 and I/9, while all reasonable steps shall be taken to maintain the equipment required by this chapter in efficient working order, malfunctions of that equipment shall not be considered as making the ship unseaworthy or as a reason for delaying the ship in ports where repair facilities are not readily available, provided suitable arrangements are made by the master to take the inoperative equipment or unavailable information into account in planning and executing a safe voyage to a port where repairs can take place.
本章要求的所有設備，應採取所有合理的步驟以維持其功能的有效性，當設備故障且無法獲得立即修理設施時，如果船長在前往能夠修理港口的航行計畫及安全航程上，已經對無法操作的設備或無法獲得的資訊，做了適當的安排與考量，就不應視為喪失海值或船舶在港延誤開航的原因。
Reg. 18 Approval, surveys and performance standards of navigational systems and equipment and voyage data recorder:
航儀系統及裝備、航程資料紀錄器的核准檢驗及性能標準:
9. The voyage data recorder system, including all sensors, shall be subjected to an annual performance test. The test shall be conducted by an approved testing or servicing facility to verify the accuracy, duration and recoverability of the recorded data. In addition, tests and inspections shall be conducted to determine the serviceability of all protective enclosures and devices fitted to aid location. A copy of the certificate of compliance issued by the testing facility, stating the date of compliance and the applicable performance standards, shall be retained on board the ship.
航程資料紀錄器系統(VDR)，包括所有的感測器，必須由核可的測試或服務機構，每年做一次功能測試，測試符合證書必須留船備查。
10. The automatic identification system (AIS) shall be subjected to an annual test. The test shall be conducted by an approved surveyor or an approved testing or servicing facility.
自動識別系統(AIS)，必須由核可的測試或服務機構，每年做一次功能測試，測試報告必須留船備查。
Reg. 19 Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment:
攜帶船載航海系統及設備的要求:
2.1 All ships, irrespective of size, shall have:
所有船舶，無論大小，都必須配有:
.1 a properly adjusted standard magnetic compass, or other means, independent of any power supply, to determine the ship’s heading and display the reading at the main steering position;
一個經過適當校正的標準磁羅經或其他等同裝置，可不需倚賴任何電源供應，就能判定船舶艏向並在主要操舵位置能顯示其度數。
.2 a pelorus or compass bearing device, or other means, independent of any power supply, to take bearings over an arc of the horizon of 360°;
一個方位環或羅經方位裝置，或其他等同裝置，可不需倚賴任何電源供應，就能水平環繞360度測量方位。
.3 means of correcting heading and bearings to true at all times (Gyro compass correction record book)
能夠隨時修正艏向及方位到真北度數的方法(電羅經修正紀錄簿)
.4 nautical charts and nautical publications to plan and display the ship’s route for the intended voyage and to plot and monitor positions throughout the voyage; an electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) may be accepted as meeting the chart carriage requirements of this subparagraph;
航海圖和航海出版物，用於規劃和顯示船舶預定航次的航線，並在整個航程中標繪和監控位置。電子海圖顯示和資訊系統 (ECDIS) 也被視為滿足本款的海圖攜帶要求。適用第 2.10 段的船舶應符合其中詳述的 ECDIS 攜帶要求；
.5 back-up arrangements to meet the functional requirements of subparagraph 4., if this function is partly or fully fulfilled by electronic means; *
能符合第四點功能性要求的備援安排，如果這個功能是部分或完全透過電子的方式；
* An appropriate folio of paper nautical charts may be used as a back-up arrangement for ECDIS. Other back-up arrangements for ECDIS are acceptable (see appendix 6 to resolution A.817(19), as amended).
可使用適當的紙質海圖作為ECDIS的備用安排。其他ECDIS備用安排也可接受(請參閱經修訂的A.817(19)決議附錄6)。
.6 a receiver for a global navigation satellite system or a terrestrial radio navigation system, or other means, suitable for use at all times throughout the intended voyage to establish and update the ship’s position by automatic means;
一個全球航海衛星系統接收器或一個陸上無線電航海系統，或其他等同裝置，能在整個航程中自動的獲取並更新船位；
.7 if less than 150 gross tonnage and if practicable, a radar reflector, or other means, to enable detection by ships navigating by radar at both 9 and 3 GHz；
小於150總噸的船應有雷達反射器(從略)
.8 when the ship’s bridge is totally enclosed and unless the Administration determines otherwise, a sound reception system, or other means, to enable the officer in charge of the navigational watch to hear sound signals and determine their direction;
全封閉式駕駛台船舶，除非船旗國另有規定，應有聲響接收系統或其他等同裝置，以便負責航行當值船副能聽到音響信號並能分辨其方位；
.9 a telephone, or other means, to communicate heading information to the emergency steering position, if provided.
一具能與緊急操作位置通聯艏向資訊的電話或其他等同裝置。
2.2 All ships of 150 gross tonnage and upwards and passenger ships irrespective of size shall, in addition to the requirements of paragraph 2.1, be fitted with:
除了章節2.1所要求的設備外，所有等於或大於150總噸及任何大小的客船還需配備:
.1 a spare magnetic compass, interchangeable with the magnetic compass as referred to in paragraph 2.1.1, or other means to perform the function referred to in paragraph 2.1.1 by means of replacement or duplicate equipment;
一個可與章節2.1.1規定的磁羅經互相交換的備用磁羅經，或其他等同裝置的備用或雙套設備。
.2 a daylight signaling lamp, or other means, to communicate by light during day and night using an energy source of electrical power not solely dependent upon the ship’s power supply.
一個日間信號燈或其他等同裝置，可供白天或夜晚以燈號連絡，且不單獨依賴船上電源供應，還可使用其他電源。
.3 a bridge navigational watch alarm system (BNWAS), the BNWAS shall be in operation whenever the ship is underway at sea.
一個駕駛台航行當值警報系統(BNWAS)，該警報系統於船舶在航時應全程開啟。
2.3 All ships of 300 gross tonnage and upwards and passenger ships irrespective of size shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.2, be fitted with:
除了章節2.2所要求的設備外，所有等於或大於300總噸及任何大小的客船還需配備:
.1 an echo-sounding device, or other electronic means, to measure and display the available depth of water;
一個測深裝置或其他等同電子方式，以測量及顯示可航水深；
.2 a 9 GHz radar, or other means, to determine and display the range and bearing of radar transponders and of other surface craft, obstructions, buoys, shorelines and navigational marks to assist in navigation and in collision avoidance;
一個9GHz(X band)雷達或其他等同裝置，以測定及顯示雷達答訊器及其他水面船隻、障礙物、浮標、海岸線及航行標誌等，其距離與方位以協助航行及避碰。
.3 an electronic plotting aid, or other means, to plot electronically the range and bearing of targets to determine collision risk;
一個電子測繪輔助或其他等同裝置，以電子的方式測繪目標的距離與方位，判別碰撞危機。
.4 speed and distance measuring device, or other means, to indicate speed and distance through the water;
速度與距離測量裝置或其他等同裝置，顯示對水速度與距離；
.5 a properly adjusted transmitting heading device, or other means, to transmit heading information for input to the equipment referred to in paragraphs 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 2.4.
經由適當調校的艏向傳輸裝置或其他等同裝置，將艏向資訊傳輸到章節2.3.2, 2.3.3及2.4所提及的相關設備。
2.4 All ships of 300 gross tonnage and upwards engaged on international voyages and cargo ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards not engaged on international voyages and passenger ships irrespective of size shall be fitted with an automatic identification system (AIS).
所有等於或大於300總噸並且從事國際航線，及等於或大於500總噸以上非從事國際航線的貨船，以及任何大小的客船還需配備「自動辨識系統」(AIS)。
.5 AIS shall:
AIS應能夠:
(1) provide automatically to appropriately equipped shore stations, other ships and aircraft information, including the ship’s identity, type, position, course, speed, navigational status and other safety-related information;
能自動提供資訊給有對應裝置的岸台，其他船及航空器，包括船舶識別碼、船型、船位、航向、航速、航行狀態及其他安全相關的資訊；
(2) receive automatically such information from similarly fitted ships;
能從其他裝有類似設備的船舶自動接收同樣的資訊；
(3) monitor and track ships; and
監控及追蹤船舶；
(4) exchange data with shore-based facilities;
與岸基設施交換資訊；
2.5 All ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.3, with the exception of paragraphs 2.3.3 and 2.3.5, and the requirements of paragraph 2.4, have:
所有等於或大於500總噸船舶，除了符合章節2.3的要求，但不包括章節2.3.3及2.3.5以及章節2.4，還必須要有:
.1 a gyro-compass, or other means, to determine and display their heading by ship borne non-magnetic means and to transmit heading information for input to the equipment referred in paragraphs 2.3.2, 2.4 and 2.5.5.
一個電羅經或其他等同裝置，以船載非磁力方式判定並顯示船舶艏向，並將艏向資訊傳輸到章節2.3.2, 2.4及2.5.5所提及的相關設備。
.2 a gyro-compass heading repeater, or other means, to supply heading information visually at the emergency steering position if provided;
一個電羅經艏向複示器或其他等同裝置，能在緊急操舵位置提供視覺的艏向資訊；
.3 a gyro-compass bearing repeater, or other means, to take bearings, over an arc of the horizon of 360°, using the gyro-compass or other means referred to in subparagraph .1.
一個電羅經方位複示器或其他等同裝置，能使用章節.1提及的電羅經或其他等同裝置，水平環繞360度測量方位。
.4 rudder, propeller, thrust, pitch and operational mode indicators, or other means, to determine and display rudder angle, propeller revolutions, the force and direction of thrust and, if applicable, the force and direction of lateral thrust and the pitch and operational mode, all to be readable from the conning position; and
船舵、推進器、橫推器、螺距及操作模式指示器等或其他等同裝置，用來判定並顯示舵角、推進器轉速、橫推器出力及方向，以及如果適用的話，橫向推進器的出力及方向及螺距以及操作模式等，所有都必須在指揮位置能夠讀取；
.5 an automatic tracking aid, or other means, to plot automatically the range and bearing of other targets to determine collision risk.
一個自動追蹤輔助或其他等同裝置，自動測繪其他目標的距離與方位，判別碰撞危機。
2.6 On all ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards, failure of one piece of equipment should not reduce the ship’s ability to meet the requirements of paragraphs 2.1.1, 2.1.2 and 2.1.4.
所有等於或大於500總噸船舶，一個設備的故障不得減損章節2.1.1，2.1.2及2.1.4所要求的船舶能力。
2.7 All ships of 3,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.5, have:
所有等於或大於3,000總噸船舶，除了符合章節2.5的要求外，還必須要有:
.1 a 3 GHz radar or, where considered appropriate by the Administration. a second 9 GHz radar, or other means, to determine and display the range and bearing of other surface craft, obstructions, buoys, shorelines and navigational marks to assist in navigation and in collision avoidance, which are functionally independent of those referred to in paragraph 2.3.2; and
一個主管當局認為適當的3GHz(S band)雷達，第二個9GHz(X band)雷達或其他等同裝置，以測定及顯示雷達答訊器及其他水面船隻、障礙物、浮標、海岸線及航行標誌等，其距離與方位以協助航行及避碰，以上功能與章節2.3.2所提及的功能需各自獨立。
.2 a second automatic tracking aid, or other means, to plot automatically the range and bearing of other targets to determine collision risk which are functionally independent of those referred to in paragraph 2.5.5.
第二個自動追蹤輔助或其他等同裝置，自動測繪其他目標的距離與方位，判別碰撞危機，以上功能與章節2.5.5所提及的功能需各自獨立。
2.8 All ships of 10,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.7 with the exception of paragraph 2.7.2, have:
所有等於或大於10,000總噸船舶，除了符合章節2.7的要求，但不包括章節2.7.2，還必須要有:
.1 an automatic radar plotting aid, or other means, to plot-automatically the range and bearing of at least 20 other target, connected to a device to indicate speed and distance through water, to determine collision risks and simulate a trial manoeuvre; and
一個自動追蹤輔助或其他等同裝置，能自動測繪不少於20個其他目標的距離與方位，並與對水速度與距離指示器連結，以判別碰撞危機及模擬運轉軌跡；
.2 a heading or track control system, or other means, to automatically control and keep to a heading and/or straight track.
一個艏向或航跡控制系統或其他等同裝置，以自動控制並保持航向及/或筆直的航跡。
2.9 All ships of 50,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.8, have:
所有等於或大於50,000總噸船舶，除了符合章節2.8的要求外，還必須要有:
.1 a rate-of-turn indicator, or other means, to determine and display the rate of turn ; and
一個迴轉速率指示器或其他等同裝置，以判別並顯示迴轉速率；
.2 a speed and distance measuring device, or other means, to indicate speed and distance over the ground in the forward and athwart ships direction.
一個速度及距離測量裝置或其他等同裝置，以指示船舶前進及橫移的對地速度及距離。
2.10 Ships engaged on international voyages shall be fitted with an electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS).
船舶從事國際航路時，應裝設電子海圖系統。
3. When “other means” are permitted under this regulation, such means must be approved by the Administration in accordance with regulation 18.
本規則所允許的「其他方式」，意指必須根據規則18的規定，由主管當局所核可。
4. The navigational equipment and systems referred to in this regulation shall be so installed, tested and maintained as to minimize malfunction.
本規則所提及的航行裝備及系統，應被裝設、測試及保養，以盡量減少故障。
5. Navigational equipment and systems offering alternative modes of operation shall indicate the actual mode of use.
航行裝備及系統如提供可變換的操作模式，應能指示正在使用中的模式。
6. Integrated bridge systems shall be so arranged that failure of one subsystem is brought to the immediate attention of the officer in charge of the navigational witch by audible and visual alarms and does not cause failure to any other sub-system. In case of failure in one part of an integrated navigational system, it shall be possible to operate each other individual item of equipment or part of the system separately.
整合航海系統應能在其中一項子系統失效時，立即以音響及視覺警報提醒當值船副注意，並且不得造成任何其他子系統失效；當整合航海系統的某部分故障時，必須可以分別操作任何其他單獨項目的設備或系統。
Reg. 19-1 Long-range identification and tracking of ships:
LRIT:
4. Ships shall automatically transmit the following long-range identification and tracking information:
船舶應經由LRIT設備自動傳送下列資訊:
.1 the identity of the ship;
船舶識別碼；
.2 the position of the ship (latitude and longitude); and
船位(經緯度)
.3 the date and time of the position provided.
提供船位的日期和時間。
5. Systems and equipment used to meet the requirements of this regulation shall conform to performance standards and functional requirements not inferior to those adopted by the Organization. Any shipboard equipment shall be of a type approved by the Administration.
本規則所要求的LRIT設備，其性能及功能性要求不得低於IMO組織所認可的標準，且須經由主管當局作型式認證核可。
6. Systems and equipment used to meet the requirements of this regulation shall be capable of being switched off on board or be capable of ceasing the distribution of long-range identification and tracking information:
本規則所要求的LRIT設備，必須能在下列情況下，由船上關閉或停止發送LRIT訊息:
.1 where international agreements, rules or standards provide for the protection of navigational information; or
當國際協議、法規或標準有提供航行資訊保護時；或
.2 in exceptional circumstances and for the shortest duration possible where the operation is considered by the master to compromise the safety or security of the ship. In such a case, the master shall inform the Administration without undue delay and make an entry in the record of navigational activities and incidents maintained in accordance with regulation 28 setting out the reasons for the decision and indicating the period during which the system or equipment was switched off.
在特殊情況下或當船長考量可能危及船舶安全或保全時而關閉時，應盡可能縮短關閉期間；在此情況下，船長應通知主管當局不得有不當的延誤，並根據規則28之相關規定，登錄於航行活動及事件紀錄，列舉出做出決定的原因及明列出系統或設備關閉的起迄時間。
Reg. 21 International Code of Signals and IAMSAR Manual:
國際信號章程及搜救手冊:
1. All ships which, in accordance with the present Convention, are required to carry a radio installation shall carry the International Code of Signals as may be amended by the Organization. The Code shall also be carried by any other ship which, in the opinion of the Administration, has a need to use it.
所有根據本公約要求須配備無線電裝置的船舶，必須備有「國際信號章程」。
2. All ships shall carry an up-to-date copy of Volume III of the International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual.
所有船舶必須備有最新版的搜救手冊(IAMSAR)第三冊。
Reg. 22 Navigation bridge visibility:
駕駛台視線:
1. Ships of not less than 55 m in length, as defined in regulation 2.4, constructed on or after 1 July 1998, shall meet the following requirements:
1998年7月1日或以後建造，長度不小於55公尺(如第2.4條所定義)的船舶，應符合以下要求：
.1 The view of the sea surface from the conning position shall not be obscured by more than two ship lengths, or 500 m, whichever is the less, forward of the bow to 10° on either side under all conditions of draught, trim and deck cargo;
在所有吃水、縱傾和甲板貨物的條件下，在指揮位置看海面視野，從船頭向左右兩側各延伸10°，遮蔽區域不得超過兩倍船長或500 m(以較小者為準)；
.2 No blind sector, caused by cargo, cargo gear or other obstructions outside of the wheelhouse forward of the beam which obstructs the view of the sea surface as seen from the conning position, shall exceed 10°. The total arc of blind sectors shall not exceed 20°. The clear sectors between blind sectors shall be at least 5°. However, in the view described in .1, each individual blind sector shall not exceed 5°;
由貨物、貨物裝卸裝置或駕駛台外面其它障礙物造成的盲區，從駕駛台指揮位置看海面時，遮蔽盲區不得超過10°。所有盲區總計不得超過20°。兩盲區之間的視線區應至少為5°。然而，在.1所述的視野中，每個單獨盲區不應超過5°；
.3 The horizontal field of vision from the conning position shall extend over an arc of not less than 225°, that is from right ahead to not less than 22.5° abaft the beam on either side of the ship;
指揮位置的水平視野應不小於225°的弧度，即從船艏正前方到船兩舷正橫後方不小於22.5°；
.4 From each bridge wing the horizontal field of vision shall extend over an arc at least 225°, that is from at least 45° on the opposite bow through right ahead and then from right ahead to right astern through 180° on the same side of the ship;
自船橋兩翼任一側的水平視野角度應至少225°，即由船艏正前方算至另一舷至少須有45°視野，加上同側船舷從船艏正前方至船艉正後方的180°視野；
.5 From the main steering position, the horizontal field of vision shall extend over an arc from right ahead to at least 60° on each side of the ship;
從主操舵位置起算，水平視野應從正前方延伸至船舶兩側至少60°的弧線；
.6 The ship's side shall be visible from the bridge wing;
從駕駛台翼處應能看到船舷；
.7 The height of the lower edge of the navigation bridge front windows above the bridge deck shall be kept as low as possible. In no case shall the lower edge present an obstruction to the forward view as described in this regulation;
駕駛台前窗下緣，距駕駛台甲板的高度應盡可能低。在任何情況下，下緣不得妨礙本條所述的前方視野；
.8 The upper edge of the navigation bridge front windows shall allow a forward view of the horizon, for a person with a height of eye of 1,800 mm above the bridge deck at the conning position, when the ship is pitching in heavy seas. The Administration, if satisfied that a 1,800 mm height of eye is unreasonable and impractical, may allow reduction of the height of eye but not to less than 1,600 mm;
當船舶在波濤洶湧的海面中顛簸時，駕駛台前窗的上緣，應允許眼高180公分的人站在駕駛台指揮位置，能看到前方的水平線，主管當局如認為180公分的眼高不合理且不切實際，可允許降低眼高，但不得低於160公分；
.9 Windows shall meet the following requirements:
窗戶應符合下列要求：
.9.1 To help avoid reflections, the bridge front windows shall be inclined from the vertical plane top out, at an angle of not less than 10° and not more than 25°.
為了避免反射，駕駛台前窗應從垂直面頂部向外傾斜，傾斜角度不小於10°且不大於25°。
.9.2 Framing between navigation bridge windows shall be kept to a minimum and not be installed immediately forward of any work station.
駕駛台窗戶之間的框架應保持在最低限度，並且不得直接安裝在任何工作站的前面。
.9.3 Polarized and tinted windows shall not be fitted.
不得安裝偏光窗和有色窗。
.9.4 A clear view through at least two of the navigation bridge front windows and, depending on the bridge configuration, an additional number of clear-view windows shall be provided at all times, regardless of weather conditions.
駕駛台前窗應至少提供兩個迴轉視窗，並且根據駕駛室配置，無論天氣條件如何，均應始終提供額外數量的迴轉視窗。
2. Ships constructed before 1 July 1998 shall, where practicable, meet the requirements of paragraphs 1.1 and 1.2. However, structural alterations or additional equipment need not be required.
1998年7月1日之前建造的船舶應在可行的情況下滿足第1.1和1.2款的要求。然而，不需要結構改變或附加設備。
3. On ships of unconventional design which, in the opinion of the Administration, cannot comply with this regulation, arrangements shall be provided to achieve a level of visibility that is as near as practical to that prescribed in this regulation.
對於主管當局認為不符合本條規定的非常規設計的船舶，應採取措施以達到盡可能接近本條規定的能見度水準。
4. Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraphs 1.1, 1.3, 1.4 and 1.5, ballast water exchange may be undertaken provided that:
儘管有第1.1、1.3、1.4及1.5款的要求，仍可進行壓載水交換，前提是：
.1 the master has determined that it is safe to do so and takes into consideration any increased blind sectors or reduced horizontal fields of vision resulting from the operation to ensure that a proper lookout is maintained at all times;
船長已確定這樣做是安全的，並考慮到因操作而導致的盲區增加或水平視野減少，以確保始終保持適當的瞭望；
.2 the operation is conducted in accordance with the ship's ballast water management plan, taking into account the recommendations on ballast water exchange adopted by the Organization; and
作業依照船舶壓載水管理計畫進行，並考慮本組織通過的關於壓載水交換的建議；和
.3 the commencement and termination of the operation are recorded in the ship's record of navigational activities pursuant to regulation 28.
作業的開始和終止，依照第28條需記錄在船舶作業活動記錄中。
Reg. 23 Pilot transfer arrangements:
領港傳送安排:
2. General:
總則:
2.1 All arrangements used for pilot transfer shall efficiently fulfill their purpose of enabling pilots to embark and disembark safely. The appliances shall be kept clean, properly maintained and stowed and shall be regularly inspected to ensure that they are safe to use. They shall be used solely for the embarkation and disembarkation of personnel.
領港梯應定期檢查，保持清潔、適當的保養及收藏，以確保能安全使用。
2.2 The rigging of the pilot transfer arrangements and the embarkation of a pilot shall be supervised by a responsible officer having means of communication with the navigation bridge who shall also arrange for the escort of the pilot by a safe route to and from the navigation bridge. Personnel engaged in rigging and operating any mechanical equipment shall be instructed in the safe procedures to be adopted and the equipment shall be tested prior to use.
裝設領港梯時應由負責官員攜帶可與駕駛台通訊器材監督，該官員同時應陪同領港以安全路線上下駕駛台，負責裝設及操作任何機械設備之人員，應被告知需採取安全操作程序，並且在使用前要先測試設備。
2.3 A pilot ladder shall be certified by the manufacturer as complying with this regulation or with an international standard acceptable to the Organization. Ladders shall be inspected in accordance with regulations I/6, 7 and 8.
領港梯須有製造廠商證書，證明符合本規則或IMO組織認可之國際標準，領港梯須根據本公約第一章第6, 7及8條作檢驗。
2.4 All pilot ladders used for pilot transfer shall be clearly identified with tags or other permanent marking so as to enable identification of each appliance for the purposes of survey, inspection and record keeping. A record shall be kept on the ship as to the date the identified ladder is placed into service and any repairs effected.
所有用於領港傳送的領港梯，都必須清楚地用標籤或其他永久性的標示，以便能夠作為每一具裝置檢驗、檢查及紀錄保持之用，船上必須備有領港梯開始使用及任何修理的紀錄。
3. Transfer arrangements:
傳送安排:
3.3.1 a pilot ladder requiring a climb of not less than 1.5 m and not more than 9 m above the surface of the water so positioned and secured that:
引水員爬梯的高度應距離水面不少於1.5米，不多於9米，其位置和固定應確保：
3.3.1.1 it is clear of any possible discharges from the ship;
船上沒有任何可能的排放物；
3.3.1.2 it is within the parallel body length of the ship and, as far as is practicable, within the mid-ship half length of the ship;
該船位於船舶平行船體長度以內，並儘可能位於船舶長度一半的中段部位；
3.3.1.3 each step rests firmly against the ship's side;
每一階踏板都穩穩地靠在船舷上；
5. Shipside doors:
舷邊門:
Shipside doors used for pilot transfer shall not open outwards.
船舷邊用於領港傳送的舷邊門不得向外開啟。
6. Mechanical pilot hoists:
機械式領港升降:
Mechanical pilot hoists shall not be used.
禁止使用機械式領港升降裝置。
7. Associated equipment:
領港梯相關設備:
7.1.1 two man-ropes of not less than 28 mm and not more than 32 mm in diameter properly secured to the ship if required by the pilot; man-ropes shall be fixed at the rope end to the ring plate fixed on deck and shall be ready for use when the pilot disembarks, or upon request from a pilot approaching to board (the manropes shall reach the height of the stanchions or bulwarks at the point of access to the deck before terminating at the ring plate on deck;
如果領港要求，須備置兩條舷梯索(繩索直徑28~32公厘之間)，舷梯索需繫固於焊接在甲板上的眼環，並且須越過扶手欄杆或舷牆下垂至水面；
7.1.2 a lifebuoy equipped with a self-igniting light;
一個附自燃燈的救生圈；
7.1.3 a heaving line.
一根拋繩。
8. Lighting:
照明:
8. Adequate lighting shall be provided to illuminate the transfer arrangements overside, the position on deck where a person embarks or disembarks.
須提供適當的照明，涵蓋領港傳送區域附近及舷外。
About the requirements of a pilot ladder:
關於領港梯設備要求:
1. if made of hardwood, they should be made in one piece, free of knots;
如果為硬木製成，應為一塊無節瘤的整塊木頭；
2. if made of material other than hardwood, they should be of equivalent strength, stiffness and durability to the satisfaction of the Administration;
如果為非硬木材料製成，其應具有使主管機關同意的等效強度、剛度和耐久性；
3. the four lowest steps may be of rubber of sufficient strength and stiffness or other material to the satisfaction of the Administration;
最下方的4級踏板可使用具有足夠強度和剛度的橡膠製成，或使用主管機關同意的其他材料製成；
4. they should have an efficient non-slip surface;
應具有有效的防滑表面；
5. they should be not less than 400 mm between the side ropes, 115 mm wide and 25 mm in depth, excluding any non-slip device or grooving;
除了任何防滑裝置或開槽外，在兩扶手繩之間的距離應不少於40公分，其寬度應不少於11.5公分，其厚度應不少於2.5公分；
6. they should be equally spaced not less than 310 mm or more than 350 mm apart;
各踏板的間距應相同，且應不小於31公分，也不大於35公分；
7. they should be secured in such a manner that each will remain horizontal.
各踏板應水平固定。
8. Pilot ladders with more than five steps should have spreader steps not less than 1.8 m long provided at such intervals as will prevent the pilot ladder from twisting. The lowest spreader step should be the fifth step from the bottom of the ladder and the interval between any spreader step and the next should not exceed nine steps.
超過5級踏板的領港梯應設長度至少為1.8 公尺的橫桿並按一定間距分佈，該間距應使領港梯不致扭轉。最底部的橫桿應為從領港梯底部算起第5級踏板，每一橫桿和下一級橫桿之間的間距不應超過9級踏板。
Reg. 24 Use of heading and/or track control systems
使用艏向及/或航跡控制系統
1. In areas of high traffic density, in conditions of restricted visibility and in all other hazardous navigational situations where heading and/or track control systems are in use, it shall be possible to establish manual control of the ship's steering immediately.
在交通密集區域、能見度受限制時及任何其他航行危險情況下，使用艏向及/或航跡控制系統應必須能夠立即切換到人工操舵控制。
2. In circumstances as above, the officer in charge of the navigational watch shall have available without delay the services of a qualified helmsperson who shall be ready at all times to take over steering control.
在上述情況下，航行當值船副應隨時都有合格舵工備便，以便能立即取得操舵控制。
3. The changeover from automatic to manual steering and vice versa shall be made by or under the supervision of a responsible officer.
自動操舵及人工操舵的轉換，須在負責船副的監督下進行。
4. The manual steering shall be tested after prolonged use of heading and/or track control systems, and before entering areas where navigation demands special caution.
在長時間使用艏向及/或航跡控制系統後，以及進入需要特別小心航行區域前，在轉換人工操舵前需要做功能測試。
Reg. 25 Operation of steering gear:
舵機操作:
In areas where navigation demands special caution, ships shall have more than one steering gear power unit in operation when such units are capable of simultaneous operation.
在需要特別小心航行區域，船舶需要有一套以上的舵機動力裝置，並且能同時運作。
Reg. 26 Steering gear: testing and drills
舵機: 測試及操演
1. Within 12 hours before departure, the ship’s steering gear shall be checked and tested by the ship’s crew. The test procedure shall include, where applicable, the operation of the following:
開航前12小時內，船上船員需做舵機檢查及測試，測試項目包含如下:
(1) the main steering gear；
主舵機；
(1) the auxiliary steering gear；
輔助舵機；
(2) the remote steering gear control systems；
遙控操舵系統；
(3) the steering positions located on the navigation bridge；
駕駛台的操舵位置；
(4) the emergency power supply；
緊急電源供應；
(5) the rudder angle indicators in relation to the actual position of the rudder；
舵角指示器與真實舵角位置的關聯；
(6) the remote steering gear control system power failure alarms；
遙控操舵系統電源故障警報
(7) the steering gear power unit failure alarms；and
舵機電源故障警報；
(8) automatic isolating arrangements and other automatic equipment.
自動隔離安排及其他自動設備。
2. The checks and tests shall include:
檢查及測試應包括:
(1) the full movement of the rudder according to the required capabilities of the steering gear；
根據舵機最大能力做全速測試；
(2) a visual inspection of the steering gear and its connecting linkage；and
目視檢查舵機及其連接處是否有洩漏；
(3) the operation of the means of communication between the navigation bridge and steering gear compartment.
駕駛台與舵機間的通信連結。
3.1 Simple operating instructions with a block diagram showing the change-over procedures for remote steering gear control systems and steering gear power units shall be permanently displayed on the navigation bridge and in the steering compartment.
在駕駛台及舵機間須永久張貼附有方塊流程圖的簡易操作指示，包括遙控操舵轉換及電源轉換程序等。
3.2 All ships’ officers concerned with the operation and/or maintenance of steering gear shall be familiar with the operation of the steering systems fitted on the ship and with the procedures for changing from one system to another.
所有涉及舵機操作與保養的船副們，都必須熟悉該船舵機系統的操作及系統交換程序。
4. In addition to the routine checks and tests prescribed in paragraphs 1 and 2, emergency steering drills shall take place at least once every three months in order to practise emergency steering procedures. These drills shall include direct control within the steering gear compartment, the communications procedure with the navigation bridge and, where applicable, the operation of alternative power supplies.
除了第1、2條的例行檢查及測試外，每三個月至少要舉行一次緊急舵機操演，用來練習緊急操舵程序，這些操演應包括在舵機間直接控制舵機、與駕駛台通信程序，以及轉換電源供應等。
6. The date upon which the checks and tests prescribed in paragraphs 1 and 2 are carried out and the date and details of emergency steering drills carried out under paragraph 4 shall be recorded.
執行第1、2條例行檢查及測試，以及第4條緊急舵機操演的細節，都必須紀錄。
Reg. 27 Nautical charts and nautical publications:
海圖及航海出版品:
Nautical charts and nautical publications, such as sailing directions, lists of lights, notices to mariners, tide tables and all other nautical publications necessary for the intended voyage, shall be adequate and up to date.
海圖及航海出版品，例如航行指南、燈塔表、航船布告、潮汐表及其他與將從事航程有關的航海出版品，都必須備便並修正到最新。
Reg. 28 Records of navigational activities and daily reporting
航行活動的記錄及每日通報
1. All ships engaged on international voyages shall keep on board a record of navigational activities and incidents which are of importance to safety of navigation and which must contain sufficient detail to restore a complete record of the voyage, taking into account the recommendations adopted by the Organization. When such information is not maintained in the ship's log-book, it shall be maintained in another form approved by the Administration.
所有從事國際航程的船舶，船上必須保持航行活動及與安全航行有關事件的紀錄，(指log-book及VDR紀錄)。
2. Each ship of 500 gross tonnage and above, engaged on international voyages exceeding 48 hours, shall submit a daily report to its company, The report shall contain the following:
滿500總噸、從事國際航線、航程超過48小時之船舶須向公司發送每日報告，報告內容應包括如下:
(1) ship's position;
船舶位置；
(2) ship's course and speed; and
船舶航向及速率；
(3) details of any external or internal conditions that are affecting the ship's voyage or the normal safe operation of the ship.
任何影響船舶航程或船上正常操作的外部或內部狀況細節
No comments:
Post a Comment
請尊重智慧財產權
未經許可，禁止轉貼