關係代名詞(who)
關係代名詞後面不可加and因為關係代名詞有連接詞及代名詞雙重功用
I saw a cute girl, who was eating an ice cream.
先行詞 關代 形容詞子句
I saw a tall man.
The tall man wore a hat.
I saw a tall man, who wore a hat.
The tall man whom I saw wore a hat. 關係代名詞要跟在先行詞後面
先行詞 關代
The tall man wore a hat whom I saw. 錯 (不可跟在帽子後面)
I like a girl. The girl is rich.
I like a girl and the girl is rich.
I like a girl who is rich.
形容詞或關係詞子句修飾先行詞
I like a sexy white girl. She likes car racing.
先行詞 關係詞子句
I like a sexy white girl who likes car racing.
The sexy white girl whom I like likes car racing.
I like the girl.
The girl is standing at the door.
I like the girl who is standing at the door.
The girl whom I like is standing at the door.
You met a girl yesterday.
The girl is my friend.
You met a girl who is my friend yesterday. 關係代名詞要跟在先行詞後面
The girl whom you met yesterday is my friend. (形容詞子句)
Tome loves a nurse.
Peter loves the nurse.
Tom loves a nurse whom Peter loves.
Peter loves the nurse whom Tom loves.
I bought a watch for a boy.
The boy’s leg is broken.
I bought a watch for a boy whose leg is broken.
The boy whom I bought a watch his leg is broken.
The nurse loves Tom.
Peter loves the nurse.
The nurse whom peter loves loves Tom.
Tom loves the nurse.
I am taking to the nurse.
Tome loves the nurse (whom) I am taking to. (受格可省略，介系詞to不可省略)
關係子句(形容詞子句)
Tom saw a girl who was smoking in a car. (關係代名詞要跟在先行詞之後)
who=and she
The girl whom Tom saw was smoking in a car.
Tom saw a girl whose sister was smoking in a car.
Tom wants to buy a car.
The car costs one million dollars.
Tom wants to buy a car which costs one million dollars. (which=that)
The car which Tom wants to buy costs one million dollars.
I saw a handsome man.
Mary was talking to him.
I saw a handsome man whom Mary was talking to.
I saw a handsome man to whom Mary was talking.
(介系詞to可調到關係代名詞前面，加強語氣)
John saw a house.
Mary lives in the house.
John saw a house which Mary lived in. (注意這是過去式)
John saw a house in which Mary lived.
I have a father, who works in Japan. 我的爸爸在日本工作
I have a father who works in Japan. 我有一位爸爸在日本工作
關係子句前面加逗點稱為「非限定用法」(後詳述)
I like Tom, who is rich. 我喜歡Tom，他是有錢人。
I like Tom who is rich. 我喜歡Tom因為他有錢。
More and more young people who like to study abroad. 錯
主要句子沒有動詞
More and more young people like to study abroad.
主詞 動詞
除非改成：There are more and more people who like to study abroad.
主詞 動詞 形容詞 先行詞 關代
複合關係代名詞
I like anything that you buy for me.
I like what(whatever) you buy for me.
I like anyone who likes me.
I like no matter (whoever) who likes me
關係代名詞(which)
關係代名詞which可用來代表前面整句話或整件事情，此時which前需要逗號，which不可用that代替。
例句:
She lied to me, which hurt me. (她對我說謊，這事傷害了我。)
= She lied to me, and that hurt me.
Her son hasn’t called her for a while, which made her worried.
(她兒子有一段時間沒打電話給她，這讓她很擔心。)
I like the girl, and she has red hair. (我喜歡那個有紅頭髮的女生。)
= I like the girl who has red hair.
I failed the exam, which made my Mom upset.
(我考試沒過，而這件事使我媽非常不高興。)
→ 此句中 which 不是指考試本身，而是考試沒過這件事，所以 which 前需要逗號。
He didn’t make any mistakes in the composition, which was not easy.
(他在那篇文章裡沒有犯任何錯誤，那是很不容易的事。)
→ 此句話的which不是指composition，而是指整件事。
關係子句的非限定用法
當關係子句的功能純粹是補充說明時，稱為非限定子句。
例句:
Tom loves his wife, who is 27 now. (湯姆很愛他太太，現年二十七歲。)
He jogs with his son who is 10 every day.
(他每天和那個十歲的兒子慢跑。)→ 兒子不止一個，須限定是哪一個。
He jogs with his son, who is 10 every day.
(他每天和兒子慢跑，他十歲。)→ 兒子只有一個，不須限定是哪一個。
Tom often takes a walk with his only son, who is ten.
(湯姆經常和他的獨子散步，他十歲。)
Put away the money, which can get stolen easily. (收好錢，它很容易搞丟。)
I live in Taiwan, which is a wonderful island in Asia. → 非限定
(我住在臺灣，它是亞洲一個美麗的島。)
I like the car which is next to the white one.
→ 限定
(我喜歡白色車子旁邊的那輛車。)
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