國際海上人命安全公約 - 第IV章摘要

The digest of SOLAS Convention Chapter IV
國際海上人命安全公約 第IV章摘要

尚作仁船長 翻譯 Translated by Captain David Shang

(Last updated: 04/Nov/2024)

 

Foreword
前言

The Chapter IV “Radiocommunications” of SOLAS Convention is the original content since the initial version (SOLAS/1914). Because of the tragedy of R.M.S “Titanic” sinking owing to collided with iceberg, the main reason for heavily death toll from the accident is not only for lack of life-saving appliances on board but also the distress message sent before the ship sinking could not be received by the nearest ship SS “Californian” (about 20’s off only), due to the ship without keeping radio watch at midnight. Consequently, to lead many lives who could be survived if the ship could rushed for rescue in time. But however, they were frozen to death in the water finally.
SOLAS公約第四章「無線電通信」是從最初版(SOLAS/1914)就包含的章節，原因是豪華郵輪鐵達尼號撞冰山後沉沒，造成嚴重人命傷亡的主要原因，除了船上救生設備不足外，該輪在沉沒前所發的求救信文，未能及時被距離她最近的(僅大約20海里)加州人號收到，因為該輪半夜無人守值無線電，導致大量原本可及時獲救人命，最後被凍死在海裡。

In view of this, the functional requirement for shipboard radio communication equipment and the watchkeeping regulations became to one of the important chapters of the SOLAS Convention to ensure the safety of life at sea. Thereafter, along with the development of communication technology, the radio communication equipment equipped on board from analog type transferred to digital type, the message transmission from via coastal stations changed to via Inmarsat satellites, the transmission method from traditional Morse code transferred to email, voice and even video communications etc.
因此關於船上無線電通信設備的功能性要求及守值規範，成了SOLAS公約為確保海上人命安全的重要章節之一。此後，隨著通信科技的發展，船上無線電通信設備也從類比式轉為數位式，通訊發送從藉由海岸電台發送改為經由通信衛星發送，通信方式從傳統的摩斯電碼轉換到郵電、語音，甚至影像通信等。

The regulations of chapter “Radiocommunications” of SOLAS Convention are also keeping up with the times. In 1988, the IMO based on the “ITU Radio Regulations 1987” which amended by the World Administrative Radio Conference (WARC) proposed the “Global Maritime Distress and Safety System” (GMDSS) to replace the Morse code officially. The proposal was formally effective on 01/Feb/1992. From that date, the shipboard operators were knocked out, and the OOWs were taken over the radio watchkeeping duty from operators, and the check, test and maintenance of shipboard GMDSS equipment became one of the basic competency of deck officers.
SOLAS公約「無線電通信」章節的規定也同樣跟著與時俱進，IMO組織於1988年，根據1987年世界無線電行政大會(WARC)所修訂的「國際無線電規則」，提出1988年修正案，以「全球海上遇難和安全系統」(GMDSS)正式取代了摩斯電碼，並於1992年2月1日起正式實施。從此船上的報務人員編制也因此被淘汰，航行當值人員取代了報務人員無線電守值的職責，船上GMDSS設備的檢查、測試與維護，也成了甲板部官員的基本專業之一。

Therefore, deck officers shall familiar with the related regulations of chapter IV “Radio communications” of SOLAS Convention, to check, test and maintain periodically, ensuring shipboard GMDSS equipment are all complying with the functional requirement, and to ensure that all OOWs are familiar with the operation and watchkeeping of the GMDSS equipment and the procedures of distress signal transmission. In order to once ship encounter marine accident, be able to send the distress message in time to ensure the safety of life at sea.
因此，甲板部官員應熟悉SOLAS公約第四章「無線電通信」的相關規定，定期做檢查、測試與維護，以確保船上GMDSS設備均能符合其功能性的要求，並確保所有航行當值人員都能熟悉GMDSS設備的操作與守值，以及求救信號的發送程序，俾能當船舶遭海難時能及時發出求救信文，以保障海上人命安全。

 

Post-script:
後記:

Modernization of the Global Maritime Distress and Safety System
全球海上遇險與安全系統的現代化

With the development of radio communication technology, on 28/Apr/2022, IMO adopted the Resolution of "Modernization of Global Maritime Distress and Safety System" (MSC.496(105)) which had effected on January 1, 2024, aiming to allow use modern communication systems, while canceling the requirement of outdated systems, and moving the relevant regulations on distress communication equipment from SOLAS Chapter III to Chapter IV. In 2018, IMO recognized the “Iridium global satellite communications” became one of the satellite communications service provider of GMDSS services. Therefore, in 2020, the SOLAS Convention changed the original term "Inmarsat" as the satellite communication term to "Recognized Mobile Stellite Service"; RMSS), and the definition of sea areas A1 to A4 has also been modified to reflect that the geographical coverage areas of different satellite service providers may vary.
為因隨著無線電通訊科技發展，IMO於28/Apr/2022通過了「全球海上遇險與安全系統現代化」(MSC.496(105))決議案，並於2024年1月1日起生效，旨在允許使用現代化的通訊系統，同時取消配置過時系統的要求，並將遇難求教通訊設備的相關規定，從SOLAS第III章移至第IV章，2018年，IMO認可了銥衛星通訊系統(Iridium global satellite communications)成為GMDSS服務的供應商之一，因此於2020年，SOLAS公約將原先特定「國際海事通訊衛星」(Inmarsat)作為衛星通訊的術語，改為「認可的移動衛星服務」(Recognized Mobile Stellite Srvice；RMSS)，同時對A1至A4海域的定義也進行了修改，以反映不同衛星服務提供者的覆蓋地理區域可能有所不同。

In response to the major changes in Chapter IV of the SOLAS Convention, this article has also been significantly updated. The blue fonts are the updated parts of the regulations.
應SOLAS公約第IV章的重大變格，本文也做了重大的更新，其中藍色字體就是法規更新的部分。

This text
本文

CHAPTER IV Radiocommunications
無線電通信

Related Code: Global Maritime Distress and Safety System Code
相關子法: GMDSS Code

Part A : General
通則

Reg. 4 Functional requirements:
功能性要求:

1. Every ship, while at sea, shall be capable of:
所有船舶在海上航行時應能夠:

.1) performing the GMDSS functions, which are as follows:
執行GMDSS功能，如下：

(1) transmitting ship-to-shore distress alerts by at least two separate and independent means, each using a different radio communication service;
至少兩套分開且獨立使用不同無線電通信服務的裝置，發送船對岸遇難警報；

(2) receiving shore-to-ship distress alert relays;
接收岸對船遇險警報中繼；

(3) transmitting and receiving ship-to-ship distress alerts;
發送及接收船對船遇難警報；

(4) transmitting and receiving search and rescue coordinating communications;
發送及接收聯合搜索與救援通信；

(5) transmitting and receiving on-scene communications;
發送及接收現場通信；

(6) transmitting and receiving signals for locating;
發送及接收定位訊號；

(7) receiving MSI;
接收海上安全訊息；

(8) transmitting and receiving urgency and safety communications; and
發送和接收緊急和安全通訊；

(9) transmitting and receiving bridge-to-bridge communications; and
發送和接收船對船(駕駛台)通訊

2. Transmitting and receiving general radiocommunications.
發送和接收一般無線電通訊。

 

Reg. 4.1 GMDSS satellite providers
GMDSS衛星提供商

(Omitted)
(從略)

 

Part B : Undertakings by Contracting Governments
締約國擔保

(Omitted)
(從略)

 

Part C : Ship requirements
船舶要求

Reg. 6 Radio installations:
無線電設置:

1. 每艘船舶應配備能夠在其整個預定航程中，符合第4條功能性要求規定的無線電裝置，除非根據第3條獲得豁免，否則應遵守第7條的要求，並根據適用於其預定航程期間將經過的海域，遵守第8、9、10或11條的要求。
Every ship shall be provided with radio installations capable of complying with the functional requirements prescribed by regulation 4 throughout its intended voyage and, unless exempted under regulation 3, complying with the requirements of regulation 7 and, as appropriate for the sea area or areas through which it will pass during its intended voyage, the requirements of either regulation 8, 9, 10 or 11.

2. 任何無線電裝置應:
Every radio installation shall be:

(1) located in such a way that no harmful interference of mechanical, electrical or other origin affects its proper use, and that electromagnetic compatibility is ensured and harmful interaction avoided with other equipment and systems;
裝設於確保機械、電氣或其他來源的有害干擾不會影響其正常使用，並確保電磁相容性且避免與其他設備和系統產生有害的相互作用；

(2) so located as to ensure the greatest possible degree of safety and operational availability;
其位置應確保最大程度的安全性和操作可用性；

(3) protected against harmful effects of water, extremes of temperature and other adverse environmental conditions;
防止水、極端溫度和其他不利環境條件的有害影響；

(4) provided with reliable, permanently arranged electrical lighting, independent of the main and emergency sources of electrical power, for the adequate illumination of the radio controls for operating the radio installation; and
配備可靠、永久佈置的電氣照明，獨立於主電源和緊急電源，為操作無線電裝置控制面板提供足夠的照明；和

(5) clearly marked with the GMDSS identities, as applicable, for use by the radio installation operator.
清楚標示GMDSS識別碼(如適用)，供無線電裝置操作員使用。

3. Control of the VHF radiotelephone channels, required for navigational safety, shall be immediately available on the navigation bridge convenient to the conning position and, where necessary, facilities should be available to permit radiocommunications from the wings of the navigation bridge. Portable VHF equipment may be used to meet the latter provision.
為航行安全之需求，駕駛台指揮位置應可立即操作VHF無線電通信頻道，並且在必要時，應能夠提供無線電通信，手提式VHF設備亦可視為符合以下之要求。

4. In passenger ships,
客輪要求

(Omitted)
(從略)

 

Reg. 7 Radio equipment: General
無線電設備: 通則

1. Every ship shall be provided with:
所有船舶應提供:

.1) a VHF radio installation capable of transmitting and receiving, for distress, urgency and safety communications purposes:
能夠發送和接收用於遇險、緊急和安全通訊目的的VHF無線電裝置：

(1) DSC on the frequency 156.525 MHz (channel 70). It shall be possible to initiate the transmission of distress alerts on channel 70 from the position from which the ship is normally navigated; and
165.525 MHz (CH-70)之「數位選擇呼叫」(DSC)，應可自船舶正常操船位置啟動頻道CH-70發送遇難警報；

(2) radiotelephony on the frequencies 156.300 MHz (channel 06), 156.650 MHz (channel 13) and 156.800 MHz (channel 16);
能在156.300 MHz (CH-06)、156.650 MHz (CH-13)及156.800 MHz (CH-16)等頻道以無線電話通信。

.2) a radio installation capable of maintaining a continuous DSC watch on VHF channel 70 which may be separate from, or combined with, that required by subparagraph 1.1;
一套無線電裝置，能維持對VHF CH-70之「數位選擇呼叫」(DSC)連續守值(可與1.1項裝置分離或合併)

.3) a radar SART or an AIS-SART, which:
一個雷達答訊機(SART)或一個AIS-SART，且須；

(1) shall be so stowed that it can be easily utilized; and
存放於容易取用處；

(2) may be one of those required by paragraphs 2.1 or 3.1;
符合第2.1或3.1段其中之一的要求；

.4) a receiver or receivers capable of receiving MSI and search and rescue related information throughout the entire voyage in which the ship is engaged;
能夠在船舶整個航程中接收海事安全訊息及與搜救相關資訊的接收器；

.5) an EPIRB which shall be:
一個「緊急指位無線電信標」(EPIRB)，且須；

(1) installed in an easily accessible position;
裝設在容易取用的位置；

(2) ready to be manually released and capable of being carried by one person into a survival craft;
隨時可手動取下並由一人就可帶進救生艇筏；

(3) capable of floating free if the ship sinks and of being automatically activated when afloat; and
當沈船時可自由浮起，並當浮出水面時能自動啟動；

(4) capable of being activated manually.
可手動啟動。

.6) a radio installation capable of transmitting and receiving general radiocommunications operating on working frequencies in the band between 156 MHz and 174 MHz. This requirement may be fulfilled by the addition of this capability in the equipment required by paragraph 1.1.
能夠發射和接收在工作頻率156 MHz至174 MHz頻段上運作的一般無線電通訊的無線電裝置。透過在第1.1段要求的設備中新增此功能，可以滿足此要求。

2. Every cargo ship of 300 gross tonnage and upwards but less than 500 gross tonnage shall be provided with at least:
每艘300總噸及以上但小於500總噸的貨船應至少配備：

.1) one radar SART or AIS-SART; and
一個雷達答訊機(SART)或一個AIS-SART；

.2) two two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatuses.
兩套雙向VHF無線電話設備。

3. Every passenger ship and every cargo ship of 500 gross tonnage and upwards shall be provided with at least:
每艘客船和每艘500總噸及以上的貨船應至少配備：

.1) one radar SART or AIS-SART on each side of the ship; and
船舶兩側各配備一雷達SART或AIS-SART；

.2) three two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatuses.
三套雙向VHF無線電話裝置。

4. The two-way VHF radiotelephone apparatuses required by paragraphs 2.2 and 3.2 may be portable or fitted in survival craft. The portable apparatus may be stored on the bridge.
第2.2和3.2款要求的雙向VHF無線電話裝置，可以是便攜式的或安裝在救生艇上。便攜式裝置可以存放在駕駛台上。

5. The radar SARTs or AIS-SARTs required by paragraphs 2.1 or 3.1 shall be stowed in such locations that they can be rapidly placed in any survival craft other than a liferaft required by regulation III/31.1.4. Alternatively, one radar SART or AIS-SART shall be stowed in each survival craft other than a liferaft required by regulation III/31.1.4. On ships carrying at least two radar SARTs or AIS-SARTs and equipped with free-fall lifeboats, one of the radar SARTs or AIS-SARTs shall be stowed in a free-fall lifeboat and the other shall be located in the immediate vicinity of the navigating bridge so that it can be utilized on board and ready for transfer to any of the other survival craft, other than a liferaft required by regulation III/31.1.4.
2.1或3.1款要求的雷達SART或AIS-SART的存放位置，應使其能夠快速放置在除第III/31.1.4條要求的救生筏以外的任何救生艇筏中。或者，除第III/31.1.4條所要求的救生筏外，每艘救生艇筏內均應存放一台雷達SART或AIS-SART。在至少攜帶兩台雷達SART或AIS-SART並配備自由落體救生艇的船舶上，其中一台雷達SART或AIS-SART應存放在自由落體救生艇中，另一台應位於緊鄰救生艇的位置。以便可以在船上使用並準備好轉移到除第III/31.1.4條要求的救生筏之外的任何其他救生艇筏。

6. Every passenger ship shall be provided with means for two-way on-scene radiocommunications for search and rescue purposes using the aeronautical frequencies 121.5 MHz and 123.1 MHz from the position from which the ship is normally navigated. These means may be portable.
每艘客船應配備用於搜救目的的雙向現場無線電通訊裝置，使用航空頻率121.5 MHz和123.1 MHz從船舶正常航行的位置進行通訊。這些裝置可以是便攜式的。

 

Reg.8 Radio equipment: Sea area A1
無線電設備: A1海域

1. In addition to meeting the requirements of regulation 7, every ship engaged on voyages in sea area A1 shall be provided with a radio installation capable of initiating the transmission of ship-to-shore distress alerts from the position from which the ship is normally navigated, operating either:
除符合第7條的要求外，在A1海域航行的每艘船舶，均應配備能夠從船舶正常航行當值或操作位置發射船對岸遇險警報的無線電裝置：

.1) through the satellite service on 406 MHz; or
透過406 MHz衛星服務；或者

.2) if the ship is engaged on voyages within coverage of MF coast stations equipped with DSC, on MF using DSC; or
如果船舶在配備DSC的MF海岸電台覆蓋範圍內航行，則使用MF進行DSC；或者

.3) on high frequency (HF) using DSC; or
使用HF進行DSC；或者

.4) through a recognized mobile satellite service ship earth station.
透過認可的移動衛星服務船地面站。

2. The requirement in paragraph 1.1 may be fulfilled by installing:
可以透過安裝第1.1段中的要求來滿足：

.1) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 close to the position from which the ship is normally navigated, but in a location whereby it can still float free of the ship in an emergency; or
裝在靠近船舶正常航行當值位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，應在緊急情況下仍能脫離船舶的位置；或者

.2) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 elsewhere on the ship, provided that this EPIRB has a means of remote activation which is installed near the position from which the ship is normally navigated; or
裝在船舶其他位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，必須能夠在船舶正常航行當值位置遙控啟動；或者

.3) a second EPIRB near the position from which the ship is normally navigated.
第二個EPIRB需位於船舶通常航行當值位置附近。

 

Reg.9 Radio equipment: Sea area A2
無線電設備: A2海域

1. In addition to meeting the requirements of regulation 7, every ship engaged on voyages within sea area A2 shall be provided with:
在A2海域航行的每艘船舶除應符合第7條的要求外，還應配備：

.1) an MF radio installation capable of transmitting and receiving, for distress, urgency and safety communications purposes, on the frequencies:
一個MF無線電裝置，能夠在以下頻率上發送和接收遇險、緊急和安全通訊：

(1) 2,187.5 kHz using DSC; and
在2,187.5 kHz頻率上進行DSC；及

(2) 2,182 kHz using radiotelephony;
在2,182 kHz頻率上進行無線電話通訊。

.2) a radio installation capable of maintaining a continuous DSC watch on the frequency 2 187.5 kHz which may be separate from, or combined with, that required by paragraph 1.1; and
能夠在2,187.5 kHz頻率上保持連續DSC守值的無線電裝置，該裝置可以與第1.1段的要求分開或合併；和

.3) a secondary means of initiating the transmission of ship-to-shore distress alerts by a radio service other than MF operating either
透過MF以外的無線電服務，啟動船對岸遇險警報傳輸的輔助方式，操作方式如下：

(1) through the satellite service on 406 MHz; or
透過406 MHz衛星服務；或者

(2) on HF using DSC; or
在HF進行DSC；或者

(3) through a recognized mobile satellite service ship earth station.
透過認可的移動衛星服務船舶地面站。

2. It shall be possible to initiate transmission of distress alerts by the radio installations specified in paragraphs 1.1 and 1.3 from the position from which the ship is normally navigated.
應能透過第1.1和1.3款規定的無線電裝置，從船舶通常航行當值的位置發送遇險警報。

3. The requirement in paragraph 1.3.1 may be fulfilled by installing:
第1.3.1段中的要求可以透過下列裝置來滿足：

.1) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 close to the position from which the ship is normally navigated, but in a location whereby it can still float free of the ship in an emergency; or
裝在靠近船舶正常航行當值位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，應在緊急情況下仍能脫離船舶的位置；或者

.2) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 elsewhere on the ship, provided that this EPIRB has a means of remote activation which is installed near the position from which the ship is normally navigated; or
裝在船舶其他位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，必須能夠在船舶正常航行當值位置遙控啟動；或者

.3) a second EPIRB near the position from which the ship is normally navigated.
第二個EPIRB需位於船舶通常航行當值位置附近。

4. The ship shall, in addition, be capable of transmitting and receiving general radio communications by either:
此外，船舶應能透過以下方式發送和接收一般無線電通訊：

.1) a radio installation operating on working frequencies in the bands between 1,605 kHz and 4,000 kHz or between 4,000 kHz and 27,500 kHz. This requirement may be fulfilled by the addition of this capability in the equipment required by paragraph 1.1; or
工作頻率在1,605 kHz至4,000 kHz或4 000 kHz至27,500 kHz頻段的無線電裝置。可以透過在第1.1段要求的設備中添加此功能來滿足此要求；或者

.2) a recognized mobile satellite service ship earth station.
一個認可的移動衛星服務船舶地面站。

 

Reg.10 Radio equipment: Sea areas A3
無線電設備: A3海域

1. In addition to meeting the requirements of regulation 7, every ship engaged on voyages within sea area A3 shall be provided with:
在A3海域航行的每艘船舶除應符合第7條的要求外，還應配備：

.1) a recognized mobile satellite service ship earth station capable of:
經認可的移動衛星服務船地球站，且能夠：

(1) transmitting and receiving distress, urgency and safety communications;
發送和接收遇險、緊急和安全通訊；

(2) initiating and receiving distress priority calls; and
啟動及接收遇險優先呼叫；和

(3) maintaining watch for shore-to-ship distress alert relays, including those directed to specifically defined geographical areas;
維持岸對船遇險警報中繼的守值，包括針對特定地理區域的警報中繼；

.2) an MF radio installation capable of transmitting and receiving, for distress, urgency and safety communications purposes, on the frequencies:
一個MF無線電裝置，能夠以遇險、緊急和安全通訊為目的，在以下頻率上進行發送和接收：

(1) 2,187.5 kHz using DSC; and
在2,187.5 kHz頻率上進行DSC；及

(2) 2,182 kHz using radiotelephony;
在2,182 kHz頻率上進行無線電話通訊。

.3) a radio installation capable of maintaining a continuous DSC watch on the frequency 2,187.5 kHz which may be separate from, or combined with, that required by paragraph 1.2; and
能夠在2,187.5 kHz頻率上保持連續DSC守值的無線電裝置，該裝置可以與第1.2段的要求分開或組合；和

.3) a secondary means of initiating the transmission of ship-to-shore distress alerts by a radio service operating either:
作為第二套裝置能透過無線電服務啟動船對岸遇險警報傳輸，無論是：

(1) through the satellite service on 406 MHz; or
透過406 MHz衛星服務；或者

(2) on HF using DSC; or
在HF進行DSC；或者

(3) through any recognized mobile satellite service on an additional ship earth station.
透過增設的船舶地面站上任何認可的行動衛星服務。

2. It shall be possible to initiate transmission of distress alerts by the radio installations specified in paragraphs 1.1, 1.2 and 1.4 from the position from which the ship is normally navigated.
應能透過第1.1、1.2和1.4款規定的無線電裝置，從船舶通常航行當值的位置開始發送遇險警報。

3. The requirement in paragraph 1.4.1 may be fulfilled by installing:
第1.4.1段中的要求，可以透過安裝下列裝置來滿足：

.1) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 close to the position from which the ship is normally navigated, but in a location whereby it can still float free of the ship in an emergency; or
裝在靠近船舶正常航行當值位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，應在緊急情況下仍能脫離船舶的位置；或者

.2) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 elsewhere on the ship, provided that this EPIRB has a means of remote activation which is installed near the position from which the ship is normally navigated; or
裝在船舶其他位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，必須能夠在船舶正常航行當值位置遙控啟動；或者

.3) a second EPIRB near the position from which the ship is normally navigated.
第二個EPIRB需位於船舶通常航行當值位置附近。

4. The ship shall, in addition, be capable of transmitting and receiving general radiocommunications by either:
此外，船舶應能透過以下方式發送和接收一般無線電通訊，無論是：

.1) a recognized mobile satellite service ship earth station; or
一個認可的移動衛星服務船舶地面站；或

.2) a radio installation operating on working frequencies in the bands between 1,605 kHz and 4,000 kHz or between 4,000 kHz and 27,500 kHz.
工作頻率在1,605 kHz至4,000 kHz或4,000 kHz至27,500 kHz頻段的無線電裝置。

5. The requirements in paragraphs 4.1 and 4.2 may be fulfilled by the addition of this capability in the equipment required by paragraph 1.1 or 1.2, respectively.
第4.1段和第4.2段的要求，可以透過在第1.1段或第1.2段要求的設備中，分別添加此功能來滿足。

 

Reg.11 Radio equipment: Sea areas A4
無線電設備: A4海域

1. In addition to meeting the requirements of regulation 7, every ship engaged on voyages within sea area A4 shall be provided with:
每艘在A4海域航行的船舶，除符合第7條的要求外，還應配備：

.1) an MF/HF radio installation capable of transmitting and receiving, for distress, urgency and safety communications purposes, on all distress, urgency and safety frequencies in the bands between 1,605 kHz and 4,000 kHz and between 4,000 kHz and 27,500 kHz:
能夠在1,605 kHz至4,000 kHz和4,000 kHz至27,500 kHz頻段內的所有遇險、緊急和安全頻率上發送和接收遇險、緊急和安全通訊的中頻/高頻無線電裝置：

(1) using DSC; and
使用DSC；和

(2) using radiotelephony;
使用無線電話

.2) equipment capable of maintaining DSC watch on 2,187.5 kHz, 8,414.5 kHz and on at least one of the DSC frequencies 4,207.5 kHz, 6,312 kHz, 12,577 kHz or 16,804.5 kHz; it shall be possible at any time to select any of these DSC frequencies for distress, urgency and safety communications purposes. This equipment may be separate from, or combined with, the equipment required by paragraph 1.1; and
能夠在2,187.5 kHz、8,414.5 kHz和4,207.5 kHz、6,312 kHz、12,577 kHz或16,804.5 kHz至少其中一個DSC頻率上保持DSC守值的設備；任何DSC頻率應隨時可用於遇險、緊急和安全通訊目的。該設備可以與第1.1段要求的設備分開或組合；和

.3) a secondary means of initiating the transmission of ship-to-shore distress alerts through the satellite service on 406 MHz.
作為第二套裝置能透過406 MHz衛星服務，啟動船對岸遇險警報傳輸。

2. The ship shall, in addition, be capable of transmitting and receiving general radiocommunications by a radio installation operating on working frequencies in the bands between 1,605 kHz and 4,000 kHz and between 4,000 kHz and 27,500 kHz. This requirement may be fulfilled by the addition of this capability in the equipment required by paragraph 1.1.
此外，船舶應能透過工作頻率在1,605 kHz至4,000 kHz和4,000 kHz至27,500 kHz頻段的無線電裝置發送和接收一般無線電通訊。透過在第1.1段要求的設備中新增此功能，可以滿足此要求。

3. It shall be possible to initiate transmission of distress alerts by the radio installations specified in paragraphs 1.1 and 1.3 from the position from which the ship is normally navigated.
應能透過第1.1和1.3款規定的無線電裝置，從船舶正常航行當值的位置啟動遇險警報。

4. The requirement in paragraph 1.3 may be fulfilled by installing:
第1.3段的要求可以透過安裝下列裝置來滿足：

.1) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 close to the position from which the ship is normally navigated, but in a location whereby it can still float free of the ship in an emergency; or
裝在靠近船舶正常航行當值位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，應在緊急情況下仍能脫離船舶的位置；或者

.2) the EPIRB required by regulation 7.1.5 elsewhere on the ship, provided that this EPIRB has a means of remote activation which is installed near the position from which the ship is normally navigated; or
裝在船舶其他位置，第7.1.5條所要求的EPIRB，必須能夠在船舶正常航行當值位置遙控啟動；或者

.3) a second EPIRB near the position from which the ship is normally navigated.
第二個EPIRB需位於船舶通常航行當值位置附近。

 

Reg. 12 Watches:
守值:

1. Every ship, while at sea, shall maintain a continuous radio watch for distress, urgency and safety communications purposes:
每艘船舶在海上時，應保持下列頻道關於遇險、緊急和安全通訊的連續無線電守值：

.1) on VHF DSC channel 70;
在VHF DSC頻道70上；

.2) on DSC frequency 2,187.5 kHz, if the ship, in accordance with the requirements of regulation 9.1.1 or 10.1.2, is fitted with an MF radio installation;
在DSC頻率2,187.5 kHz上，如果船舶依照第9.1.1或10.1.2條的要求，配備了MF無線電裝置；

.3) on DSC frequencies 2,187.5 kHz and 8,414.5 kHz and also on at least one of the DSC frequencies 4,207.5 kHz, 6,312 kHz, 12,577 kHz or 16,804.5 kHz, appropriate to the time of day and the geographical position of the ship, if the ship, in accordance with the requirements of regulation 11.1.2, is fitted with an MF/HF radio installation. This watch may be kept by means of a scanning receiver; and
根據第11.1.2條的要求，配備MF/HF無線電裝置的船舶，應守值在DSC頻率2,187.5 kHz和8,414.5 kHz，以及在DSC頻率4,207.5 kHz、6,312 kHz、12,577 kHz或16,804.5 kHz中的至少一個頻率，此種守值適用於每天的時間和符合船舶所在的地理位置，並可透過接收器頻率掃描來保持這種守值。和

.4) for satellite shore-to-ship distress alert relays, if the ship, in accordance with the requirements of regulation 10.1.1, is fitted with a recognized mobile satellite service ship earth station.
衛星岸對船遇險警報中繼的守值，如果船舶按照第10.1.1條的要求，安裝了經認可的移動衛星服務船舶地面站。

2. Every ship, while at sea, shall maintain a radio watch for broadcasts of MSI and search and rescue related information on the appropriate frequency or frequencies on which such information is broadcast for the area in which the ship is navigating.
每艘船舶在海上時，在船舶航行海域的適當頻率上，應對MSI廣播和搜救相關資訊，保持無線電守值。

3. Every ship, while at sea, shall maintain, when practicable, a continuous listening watch, which shall be kept at the position from which the ship is normally navigated, on:
每艘船舶在海上時，在可行的情況下，應對下列無線電裝置保持連續監聽守值，該守值應在船舶通常航行當值的位置：

.1) VHF channel 16; and
VHF頻道16；和

.2) other appropriate frequencies for urgency and safety communications for the area in which the ship is navigating.
船舶航行區域緊急和安全通訊的其他適當頻率。

 

Reg. 13 Sources of energy:
能源:

1. While the ship is at sea, a supply of electrical energy shall be available at all times sufficient to operate the radio installations and to charge any batteries used as part of a reserve source or sources of energy for the radio installations.
當船舶在海上時，應隨時保持充足的電源供無線電裝置操作，並對所有做為無線電裝置之儲備電源或能源部分之電池，保持充電。

2. A reserve source or sources of energy shall be provided on every ship, to supply radio installations, for the purpose of conducting distress, urgency and safety communications, in the event of failure of the ship's main and emergency sources of electrical power. The reserve source or sources of energy shall be capable of simultaneously operating the VHF radio installation required by regulation 7.1.1 and, as appropriate for the sea area or sea areas for which the ship is equipped, either the MF radio installation required by regulation 9.1.1 or 10.1.2, the MF/HF radio installation required by regulation 11.1.1, or the ship earth station required by regulation 10.1.1 and any of the additional loads mentioned in paragraphs 4, 5 and 8 for a period of at least:
每艘船舶都應配備備用電源，為無線電裝置供電，以便在船舶主電源和緊急電源發生故障時，進行遇險、緊急和安全通訊。備用能源應能同時操作第7.1.1條要求的VHF無線電裝置，並根據船舶所在海域的配備，同時操作第9.1條要求的MF無線電裝置。MF/HF無線電裝置、或第10.1.1條要求的船舶地面站以及第4、5和8段提到的任何附加負載，持續時間至少為：

.1) one hour on ships provided with an emergency source of electrical power, if such source of power complies fully with all relevant provisions of regulation II-1/42 or 43, including the supply of such power to the radio installations; and
對備有符合第II-1章規則42/43規定之緊急電源之船舶，無線電備用電源為1小時。

.2) six hours on ships not provided with an emergency source of electrical power complying fully with all relevant provisions of regulation II-1/42 or 43, including the supply of such power to the radio installations.
對未備有符合第II-1章規則42/43規定之緊急電源之船舶，無線電備用電源為6小時。

The reserve source or sources of energy need not supply independent HF and MF radio installations at the same time.
備用能源不必同時為獨立的高頻和中頻無線電設備供電。

3. The reserve source or sources of energy shall be independent of the propelling power of the ship and the ship's electrical system.
備用能源應獨立於船舶推進動力及船舶電力系統。

4. Where, in addition to the VHF radio installation, two or more of the other radio installations referred to in paragraph 2 can be connected to the reserve source or sources of energy, they shall be capable of simultaneously supplying, for the period specified, as appropriate, in paragraph 2.1 or 2.2, the VHF radio installation and:
除VHF無線電裝置外，第2段所指的另外兩個或兩個以上的其他無線電裝置，可連接到一個或多個備用能源，則它們應能夠在第2.1或2.2段規定的期間內(視情況而定)，同時供應VHF無線電裝置，並且：

.1) all other radio installations which can be connected to the reserve source or sources of energy at the same time; or
可同時連接到備用電源或能源的所有其他無線電裝置；或

.2) whichever of the other radio installations will consume the most power, if only one of the other radio installations can be connected to the reserve source or sources of energy at the same time as the VHF radio installation.
其他無線電裝置將消耗最多的功率，如果只有一個其他無線電裝置，可以與VHF無線電裝置同時連接到備用電源或能源。

5. The reserve source or sources of energy may be used to supply the electrical lighting required by regulation 6.2.4.
備用能源可用於供應第6.2.4條要求的電器照明。

6. Where a reserve source of energy consists of a rechargeable accumulator battery or batteries:
如果備用能源由可充電蓄電池或電池組成：

.1) a means of automatically charging such batteries shall be provided which shall be capable of recharging them to minimum capacity requirements within 10 hours; and
應提供自動為該種電池充電的方法，而該裝置須能在10小時內將該種電池充電至最低容量要求﹔和

.2) the capacity of the battery or batteries shall be checked, using an appropriate method, at intervals not exceeding 12 months, when the ship is not at sea.
當船舶不在海上時，應使用適當的方法檢查電池或電池的容量，間隔不超過12個月。

7. The siting and installation of accumulator batteries which provide a reserve source of energy shall be such as to ensure:
提供備用能源的蓄電池的設置和安裝應確保：

.1) the highest degree of service;
最高等級的服務；

.2) a reasonable lifetime;
合理的壽命；

.3) reasonable safety;
合理的安全；

.4) that battery temperatures remain within the manufacturer's specifications whether under charge or idle; and
無論是在充電中或閒置中，電池的溫度應維持在生產廠商設定的範圍內；

.5) that when fully charged, the batteries will provide at least the minimum required hours of operation under all weather conditions.|
當完全充滿時，電池應能在任何狀況下提供最低要求的操作時數。

8. If an uninterrupted input of information from the ship's navigational or other equipment to a radio installation required by this chapter, including the navigation receiver referred to in regulation 18, is needed to ensure its proper performance, means shall be provided to ensure the continuous supply of such information in the event of failure of the ship's main or emergency source of electrical power.
如果需要將船舶導航或其他設備資訊，不間斷地輸入到本章要求的無線電裝置，包括第18條中提及的導航接收器資訊，以確保其正常運行，則應提供方法，確保在船舶的主電源或應急電源發生故障時能持續提供此類資訊。

 

Reg. 14 Performance standards
性能標準

All equipment to which this chapter applies shall be of a type approved by the Administration. Such equipment shall conform to appropriate performance standards not inferior to those adopted by the Organization.
本章適用的所有設備均應為主管部門批准的類型。此類設備應符合不低於本組織採用的適當效能標準。

 

Reg. 15 Maintenance requirements:
保養要求:

1. Equipment shall be so designed that the main units can be replaced readily, without elaborate recalibration or readjustment.
設備的設計應使主機易於更換，無需複雜的重新校準或重新調整。

2. Where applicable, equipment shall be so constructed and installed that it is readily accessible for inspection and onboard maintenance purposes.
如果可行，設備的構造和安裝應便於檢查和船上維護。

3. Adequate information shall be provided to enable the equipment to be properly operated and maintained, taking into account the recommendations of the Organization.
應提供足夠的資訊，以便設備能夠得到適當的操作和維護，同時考慮到本組織的建議。

4. Adequate tools and spares shall be provided to enable the equipment to be maintained.
應提供足夠的工具和備件，以便對設備進行維護。

5. The Administration shall ensure that radio equipment required by this chapter is maintained to provide the availability of the functional requirements specified in regulation 4 and to meet the recommended performance standards of such equipment.
主管當局應確保本章要求的無線電設備，能維持第4條規定的功能要求，並滿足此類設備的建議性能標準。

6. On ships engaged on voyages in sea areas A1 or A2, the availability shall be ensured by using such methods as duplication of equipment, shore-based maintenance or at-sea electronic maintenance capability, or a combination of these, as may be approved by the Administration.
在A1或A2海域航行的船舶上，應採用主管當局批准的方案，如雙套設備、岸基維護或具備海上電子設備維護能力，或結合上述方法，以確保其可用性。

7. On ships engaged on voyages in sea areas A3 or A4, the availability shall be ensured by using a combination of at least two methods such as duplication of equipment, shore-based maintenance or at-sea electronic maintenance capability, as may be approved by the Administration.
在A3或A4海域航行的船舶上，應至少結合兩種方案來確保其可用性，例如雙套設備、岸基維護或主管當局批准的海上電子設備維護能力。

8. While all reasonable steps shall be taken to maintain the equipment in efficient working order to ensure compliance with all the functional requirements specified in regulation 4, malfunction of the equipment for providing the general radiocommunications required by regulation 4.1.2 shall not be considered as making a ship unseaworthy or as a reason for delaying the ship in ports where repair facilities are not readily available, provided the ship is capable of performing all distress, urgency and safety functions.
雖然應採取一切合理措施，保持設備處於高效工作狀態，以確保符合規則4中規定的所有功能要求，但提供規則4.1.2所要求的一般無線電通信的設備出現故障，不應被視船舶不適航，或作為船舶在沒有維修設施的港口延誤船舶的理由。前提是該船能夠執行所有遇險、緊急和安全功能。

9. EPIRBs shall be:
EPIRBs必須:

.1) annually tested, either on board the ship or at an approved testing station, for all aspects of operational efficiency, with special emphasis on checking the emission on operational frequencies, coding and registration, at intervals as specified below:
每年由船上或合格的測試廠商，對各方面的工作效率進行測試，特別加強檢查在工作頻率上發送編碼和註冊訊息的功能，其內容如下：

(1) on passenger ships, within three months before the expiry date of the Passenger Ship Safety Certificate; and
客船，在客船安全證書有效期屆滿前三個月內;和

(2) on cargo ships, within three months before the expiry date, or within three months before or after the anniversary date, of the Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate; and
貨船，在貨船安全無線電證書到期日前三個月內，或在周年日之前或之後的三個月內;和

.2) subject to maintenance at intervals not exceeding five years, to be performed at an approved shore-based maintenance facility.
由經批准的岸基維護設施進行維護，間隔不超過五年。

 

Reg. 16 Radio personnel:
無線電人員:

1. Every ship shall carry personnel qualified for distress, urgency and safety communications purposes to the satisfaction of the Administration. The personnel shall be holders of the appropriate certificates specified in the Radio Regulations; one of the personnel shall be designated as having primary responsibility for communications during distress incidents.
每艘船舶均應配置符合主管當局要求，作為遇險、緊急和安全通信目的的無線電人員。人員須持有符合《無線電規則》規定的適當證書；並應指定一名主要負責人員，在遇險期間執行通信任務。

2. In passenger ships, at least one person qualified in accordance with paragraph 1 shall be assigned to perform only communications duties during distress incidents.
在客船，應指派至少一名符合第1款規定的人員，在遇險期間專責執行通信任務。

 

Reg. 17 Radio records
無線電紀錄

A record shall be kept on board, to the satisfaction of the Administration and as required by the Radio Regulations, of all incidents connected with the radiocommunication services which appear to be of importance to safety of life at sea.
為符合主管當局及《無線電規則》的要求，凡與無線電通信業務有關及所有對海上生命安全有重要影響的事件，均應紀錄並保存。

 

Reg. 18 Position-updating
船位更新

1. All two-way communication equipment carried on board a ship to which this chapter applies which is capable of automatically including the ship's position in the distress alert shall be automatically provided with this information from an internal or external navigation receiver.
本章適用於船上攜帶的所有雙向通信設備，如果能夠自動將船舶的位置包含在遇險警報中，則應從內部或外部導航接收器自動提供此資訊。

2. In case of malfunction of the internal or external navigation receiver, the ship's position and the time at which the position was determined shall be manually updated at intervals not exceeding four hours, while the ship is under way, so that it is always ready for transmission by the equipment.
當內部或外部導航接收機發生故障時，應在船舶航行期間每隔不超過四小時，手動更新船舶的位置和定位的時間，以便設備隨時準備傳輸。